Workflow of Computer
Data: The instructions which we gave to any
computer is known as Data. It is also known as raw material. The instructions
which computer accepts from any user for processing is known as data.
Processing: When any computer accepts instructions
from any input device such as keyboard, mouse or any other source, the
computer read the input instructions and
calculate it and gave us the output results. The operation of accepting data,
reading data and giving us the output is known as Processing.
Two important operations are carried out
inside the computer to process the data
·
Arithmetic
Operations
·
Logical
Operations
Arithmatic Operations: Arithmetic
Operations are those operations which uses simple mathematics calculations for
processing of data. For Example, add, subtract, square root, differential etc.
are some common example of arithmetic operations.
Logical Operations: Logical
Operations are those operations which uses comparison between two or more
according to the formulas applied over it. Example of Logical Operations are
greater than, less than, equals to, not greater than, not less than, etc, known
as Logical Operations.
Information: when we enter data
or set of instructions in the form of raw material into computer, the computer
process the data and gave us useful results, which is known as Information.
Basic Units of Computer
The Computer works when any input or set
of instructions given to it in the form of data and computer process it and
gives us useful results known as information. The processes from input data in
the form of raw material to output data in the form of useful information includes
some basic units which are described as under:-
Input Units: Input units are the units or parts of
computer which are installed or attached to the computer for the input of data
or set of instructions to the computer. For Example, keyboard, mouse, joystick
are some common examples of Input devices. Nowadays, pen tablets are also
famous device to input data into the computer in the form of writing or
drawing.
Control Units: Output units are the units or parts of
computer which are used to control all the units attached to the computer. All
the input units and output units are attached to the Control unit for accepting
data and display information or output the information.
Arithmetic Logic Unit: The arithmetic
and Logic Unit is the unit of computer which is used for processing of data. It
accepts the raw data and process it into useful information. The Process such
as Intel, Ryzen are examples of Arithmetic Logic unit.
Memory: Memory is also a
most important unit in any computer. All the data which receives from input
unit and processes are stored in the memory unit. There are two types of
memories. One is internal memory and second is external memory. The data stored in the internal memory are
general stored in Temporary form and it can rewrite or erase time to time.
Whereas, in the Secondary Memory, information is stored in permanent form and
cannot be erased until deleted manually by user. Random Access Memory (RAM) is
the example of internal memory and Hard disk is the example of secondary
memory.
Central Processing Unit (CPU): All the units
such as Arithmetic Logic Unit, Memory unit and Control units together form a
unit, known as Central Processing Unit (CPU). CPU is also known as brain of
Computer. CPU receives the information by user in the form of raw material,
process it with the help of Arithmetic and Logic unit and display the
processing data in the form of Information.
Output Units: Output units are those units which
display the processing data in the form of information. Monitors, LCDs, TVs,
Printers are some examples of output units.
